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International Journal of STD & AIDS

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Int J STD AIDS 2009;20:262-264
doi:10.1258/ijsa.2008.008359
© 2009 Royal Society of Medicine Press

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Original research articles

Effect of HIV viral load, CD4 cell count and antiretroviral therapy on human papillomavirus prevalence in urine samples of HIV-infected men

E Jong MD * , E C M van Gorp MD PhD *, J W Mulder MD PhD *, A Tol BSc {dagger} and P H M Smits MSc PhD {dagger}

* Department of Internal Medicine; {dagger} Department of Molecular Biology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Correspondence to: Dr E Jong, Department of Internal Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, Amsterdam 1066 EC, The Netherlands Email: eefje.jong{at}slz.nl

HIV-infected patients are at increased risk for persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the major cause of anogenital cancer. The present study describes the HPV prevalence in urine samples of 243 HIV-infected men and a control group of 231 men. HPV DNA was amplified by the SPF10 polymerase chain reaction primer set. The overall HPV prevalence in HIV-infected men was 27.5% compared with 12.6% in controls (P < 0.01). Infections with high-risk and multiple HPV genotypes were present in both groups. Differences were not statistically significant. A multivariate logistic regression model showed a decreased HPV prevalence associated with use of a nucleoside and a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor combination (P = 0.03). A trend was observed towards a higher HPV prevalence and a lower CD4 cell count. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the role of HPV DNA testing in urine in future screening programmes for anal cancer in men.

Key Words: HIV • men • HPV • urine • PCR


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